Conflict Analysis Project

This infographic is based on a nationally representative survey conducted between July and September 2022 by the CeSSRA on access to social protection in Lebanon. The survey aimed to understand current social protection mechanisms in Lebanon, notably the predominant contributory schemes amid the severe and prolonged economic depression, as well as the practical and current challenges faced by those enrolled in the system.

Lebanon’s social protection system is exclusionary, discriminatory, and fragmented by design, with various funds available, the largest being the National Social Security Fund (NSSF). Social security is tied to formal employment leaving all individuals in the informal sector with no protection. Moreover, universal healthcare is not available, nor unemployment allowances. With the aim of alleviating poverty, successive governments have relied on social assistance and targeting programmes.

Workers’ mobilisations have been ongoing in the last decade in Tunisia. Between 1 January 2022 to 30 June 2022, workers organised 167 collective actions out of a total of 275* (amounting to 61% of the total). A detailed look at these mobilisations shows how they were framed by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) imposed policies, and their corollary of imposed austerity measures over the last few years.