LBN36108
| Title | Actors/Parties Involved | Description | Date of incident | Death toll | Number of Injured | Sources of Conflict | Security Incident Category |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Citizen found dead in Jisr al Basha | Lebanese Civilians |
Citizen R.K., 35, was found dead today inside his office in Jisr al-Basha, with a gun next to him, National News Agency correspondent reported on Monday. http://nna-leb.gov.lb/en/show-news/50287/Citizen-found-dead-in-Jisr-al-B... |
Monday, September 28, 2015 | 1 person | 0persons | Personal Accident [inc. drowning, suicide...] | |
| Fall of Tal el-Zaatar and Jisr el-Basha | Lebanese Kataeb Party, National Liberal Party (NLP), Christian militias |
Christian militias launched an attack against the Palestinian camps of Jisr al-Basha and Tel al-Zaatar. The attack was led by the PNL, with the support of other Christian militias and splinter groups of the Lebanese Army. The Kataeb joined after June 27. For 53 days, the militias launched more than 70 attacks, using 155-millimeter mortar shells—sometimes at a rate of three bombs per minute—and resorted to a few dozen armored tanks. Jisr al-Basha fell on June 29, 1976, and Tel al-Zaatar on August 12, 1976. When Tel al-Zaatar fell, between 1,000 and 1,500 Palestinians were killed; some were summarily executed, including a number of them who had already evacuated the camp and were reaching West Beirut. However, the distinction between armed elements and civilians is unclear. Many bodies were mutilated, and a number of women were raped. Between 11,000 and 15,000 civilians were evacuated from Tel al-Zaatar, through the ICRC and the Arab League, and more than 400 wounded were handed over to the ICRC. While several thousand civilians and fighters from the camp were killed and thousands injured as a result of the shelling, many—particularly children—died because of the shortage of medication and water. The number of total casualties since the beginning of the siege varies between 2,200 and 4,280 Lebanese and Palestinian, including those killed the day the camp fell. This was the largest massacre in the war that was yet to happen. After the camp attacks, the Lebanese Forces (LF) came into creation. Its president was Bachir Gemayel, representing the Kataeb, and its vice president was Dany Chamoun, representing the PNL. |
Tuesday, June 22, 1976 to Thursday, August 12, 1976 | 4 280persons | Bombardment, Clashes/Armed Conflict, Forced Displacement of Population, Murder, Gender Based Violence [inc. sexual violence] | ||
| Siege of Tal el-Zaatar and Jisr el-Basha camps | Christian groups |
In early January 1976, the warring parties resorted to a new form of violence. On January 4 Christian militias began a siege of the Palestinian camps of Tel al-Zaatar and Jisr al-Basha, and the shantytowns of Maslakh and Karantina, as well as Nabaa and the Palestinian camp of Dbayeh, which were all located on the eastern side of Beirut. This became a full-blown confrontation and civilian massacre, which ended in August of that year. (Maslakh, Karantine, Nabaa, Dbayeh discussed in detail in a separate incident report). On January 4, 1976, Christian militias stopped a number of supply trucks heading to Tel al-Zaatar and Jisr al-Basha, even though they were escorted by ISF patrols. The siege involved blocking access to medical supplies, water, and electricity. Mainly Palestinians refugees lived in the camps, but there also were some Lebanese, Syrians, and Egyptians there. The main power cable supplying Beirut, located in the vicinity of Tel al-Zaatar, was hit on June 23, depriving all of Beirut of power for more than four months. |
Sunday, January 4, 1976 to Thursday, August 12, 1976 | Clashes/Armed Conflict, Murder, Raid | |||
| Forced displacements | Lebanese Kataeb Party, National Liberal Party (NLP) |
Subsequent developments show that Christian militias’ military actions were designed to displace civilians and homogenize the populations between Christian-dominated and Muslim-Palestinian dominated areas. In East Beirut and its suburbs, Palestinian militias were controlling the camps of Tel al-Zaatar (close to the industrial and residential Christian-populated areas of Mkalles and Dekwaneh) and Jisr al-Basha (close to the Christian residential area of Hazmieh); those areas along with Nabaa, Karantina/Maslakh, encircled East Beirut (Ashrafieh, Badaro, Furn al-Chebbak, Ain al-Remmaneh). Over the previous years, these militias had been blocking main arteries in the area, cutting off civilian and military communications and movement; moreover Christian residents of Dekwaneh and Mkalles, endured daily atrocities including abductions, murders, theft, and rape, which prompted them to leave for safer places |
Thursday, December 11, 1975 to Monday, December 22, 1975 | Forced Displacement of Population, Gender Based Violence [inc. sexual violence], Hostage Taking Situation [inc. attempt, release], Murder | |||
| Clashes between PLO and Kataeb near Tal el-Zaatar and Dekwaneh | Lebanese Kataeb Party, Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO) |
Clashes broke out between PLO fighters from the camps of Tel al-Zaatar and Jisr al-Basha and the Kataeb in the area of Dekwaneh. On the 20th, the clashes spread to other areas, now between Christian militias and Shi'a Lebanese supported by Palestinian fighters in the Shi'a-populated areas such as Chiyah and Nabaa. |
Sunday, May 18, 1975 to Tuesday, May 20, 1975 | Clashes/Armed Conflict |